RECOMMENDATIONS

              i.            Hardware

a.       Use another frequency wave which is a wider range so that can be detected in more meters or kilometers. Upgrading to GSM modem which is it can transmit to hand phone. Consequently, it gave more secure for user and increases the security.

b.      Zigbee is another alternative to improve this project because can transmit the signal in wide range up to 1.5 kilometers. Operating Zigbee frequency is 2.4GHz. Besides, it supports network topologies.

            ii.            Power Supply

Battery can be replaced with direct supply because enough supply is very important to ensure circuit work properly while battery works as backup power supply during no electricity.

          iii.            Software

a.       It can simulate using software such as Matlab to get the improvement in keypad input and intruder response by using controller packages such as PID controller, Fuzzy Logic and others. Besides, it will reduce the total hardware complexity and cost at the same time.

b.      The used of internet controlling should be applied to expand the variety of controlling modes. Several software needs to be explored for example HTML and free website. By this, the surveillance can be monitoring anywhere in the world.fore can be executed.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

   CONCLUSION

The goal of this project is to design a door security monitoring system by using micro controller PIC16F877A. The controller will receive input from the user. Then, it will analyze either input is right or wrong. If input true, the input will display on the LCD. If wrong, the transmitter will activate to send the signal to the receiver. Upon receiving the signal, the microcontroller in the receiver will activate the buzzer and sent data to max 232. Lastly, it will display on a PC.

COMPLETE CIRCUIT

FRONT VIEW

UPPER VIEW

HARDWARE

  KEYPAD INPUT RESULT

For the keypad, encoder keypad is being used to encode 8 data from the keypad (4 bits data row and 4 bits data columns). A Data Available output goes high when a valid keypad entry has been made. The Data Available output returns to a low level when the key entered is released, even if another key is depressed

OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF KEYPAD 

TRANSMITTER

TRANSMITTER TRANSMITTING THE SIGNAL

The transmitter goes high when transmitting the signal to the receiver. The transmitter will able to transmit the signal when it has enough voltage

    RECEIVER

RECEIVER RECEIVES THE SIGNAL

Receiver also active high when receives the signal. Figure 24 shown that value of voltage is 1.69 volts. Therefore, receiver fast detected the signal from the transmitter. Low supply voltage from input power causes lagging in receiving the signal.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM AND PCB LAYOUT FOR RECEIVER

EXPERIMENTAL RESULT

TRANSMITTER SENDING THE DATA

RECEIVER RECEIVE THE DATA

From the figure it shows that transmitter and receiver can send signal and receive the signal up to 4 bits. In figure 18 the transmitter send signal 3 bits (b) and receiver in figure 19 receive the bits same as transmitter sent signal. While waveform in ‘a’ its reserve for address (8 bits). When address transmitter 00000000 bits, address receiver also must 00000000 bits.  

RESULT AND ANALYSIS

EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

Relationship of voltage supply and resistor (frequency encoder and decoder)

Supply voltage	(KHz)	Value Resistor (Ω)	Supply voltage	(KHz)	Value Resistor (Ω)
2	3.5	510 K	5	175	43 K
4	4	680 K	5	200	36 K
6	4	750 K	5	200	36 K
8	4.125	750 K	5	206.25	33 K
10	5	620 K	5	250	27 K
12	1.625	2 M	5	81.5	100 K

RS 232 SERIAL COMMUNICATION

SCI is an abbreviation for Serial Communication Interface and, as a special subsystem of microcontroller PIC16F877A. It provides RS232 serial communication with PC easily. As with hardware communication, use standard NRZ (Non Return to Zero) format also known as 8 (9)-N-1, or 8 or 9 data bits, without parity bit and with one stop bit. Free line is defined as the status of logic one. Start of transmission - Start Bit, has the status of logic zero. The data bits follow the start bit (the first bit is the low significant bit), and after the bits we place the Stop Bit of logic one. The duration of the stop bit 'T' depends on the transmission rate and is adjusted according to the needs of the transmission. For the transmission speed of 9600 baud, T is 104μs.

In order to connect a microcontroller to a serial port on a computer, need to adjust the level of the signals so communicating can take place. The signal level on a PC is -10V for logic zero, and +10V for logic one. Since the signal level on the microcontroller is +5V for logic one and 0V for logic zero, we need an intermediary stage that will convert the levels. One chip specially designed for this task is MAX232. This chip receives signals from -10 to +10V and converts them into 0 and 5V. The circuit for this interface is shown in the.

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Assembly programming language as it applies to embedded microcontroller applications. This programming needed programmer for declaring variables and constant do loops, testing the logic analyzer. In c programming there are several types of loops. Next, the important part is software to interface with PIC. The software used is assembly programming. Assembly compiler is software to write, simulate and burn the program into PIC.  To ensure written programming worked or not, it can combine with software Proteus. From this software, the program can be simulated with circuit

   VISUAL BASIC LANGUAGE

Normal PC hardware might well run with just T_x, R_x and Ground connected, most driver software will wait forever for one of the handshaking lines to go to the correct level. Depending on the signal state it might sometimes work, other times it might not. The reliable solution is to loop back the handshake lines if they are not used.

MAIN BOARD PROGRAMMING

display1     movf DIGIT,w

                              xorlw A'A'

                              btfss STATUS,Z

                              goto CheckA

                              goto PAS1

CheckA                 movf DIGIT,w

                              xorlw A'B'

                              btfss STATUS,Z

                              goto CheckB

                              goto PAS2

CheckB                 call Insert                   

This example of programming that have been wrote in MPLAB. This program is activating when key ‘A’ and LCD will display ‘set password 1’. Then this programming is to scan the input have been key in by user. The process is looping 5 times because entered password is 5 bits. 

RECEIVER PROGRAMMING

SetPorts     bsf       STATUS,                                RP0     ; select bank 1

                  movlw             b'01000010'                             ; A7=input

                  movwf             TRISB

                  CLRF TRISA

                  bcf       TRISC,4

                  bcf       STATUS,                                RP0     ; select bank 0

                  call       SER_INIT                                          ; initialize serial port

CheckB                 call Insert                   

This example of programming that have been wrote in MPLAB. This program is activating when key ‘A’ and LCD will display ‘set password 1’. Then this programming is to scan the input have been key in by user. The process is looping 5 times because entered password is 5 bits. 

LITERATURE REVIEW

DEFINITION OF DOOR SECURITY MONITORING SYSTEM


A lock is a mechanical fastening device which may be used on a door, vehicle, or container, restricting access to the area or enclosed property. Commonly, it can be released by using a key, keycard, RFID signal, but for this FYP it comes out with user need to key in the code or password. Besides, it also combines with transmitter, receiver, PIC, magnetic lock, electronic components and programming.

  PIC MICROCONTROLLER 16F877A

Microcontrollers must contain at least two primary components – random access memory (RAM), and an instruction set. RAM is a type of internal logic unit that stores information temporarily. RAM contents disappear when the power is turned off. While RAM is used to hold any kind of data, some RAM is specialized, referred to as registers. The instruction set is a list of all commands and their corresponding functions.Most microcontrollers also contain read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), or erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM). Al1 of these memories are permanent, they retain what is programmed into them even during loss of power. They are used to store the firmware that tells the microcontroller how to operate. They are also used to store permanent lookup tables. Often these memories do not reside in the microcontroller; instead, they are contained in external ICs, and the instructions are fetched as the microcontroller runs. This enables quick and low-cost updates to the firmware by replacing the ROM.

KEYPAD

For keypad wiring, keypads pins need to pull up or pull down to avoid floating case happen. Pull up normally connect to 5V and pull down is connect to ground. 4x4 Keypad pin can directly connect to microcontroller or keypad decoder IC for decodes purpose. However, DIY scanning of keypad consumes a lot of understanding in programming and more program space. The better way to interface a keypad to the PIC is to use a keypad encoder in between the keypad and the microcontroller

TRUTH TABLE KEYPAD ENCODER MMC74C922

Switch Position		0 1 2 3 4 5 Y1,X1 Y1,X2 Y1,X3 Y1,X4 Y2,X1 Y2,X2						6 7 8 9 10 Y2,X3 Y2,X4 Y3,X1 Y3,X2 Y3,X3					11Y3,X4
D
A	A	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
T	B	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
A	C	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0
O	D	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
U	E (Note 1)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Switch Position		12 Y4,X1	13 Y4,X2	14 Y4,X3	15 Y4,X4	16 Y5(Note 1), X1	17 Y5 (Note 1), X2	18 Y5 (Note 1), X3	19 Y5 (Note 1), X4
D
A	A	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
T	B	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
A	C	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0
O	D	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0
U	E (Note 1)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1